Cédric Bellot

Abstract

Understanding and modelling of the precipitation in ultra-high strength martensitic steels

Cédric Bellot - 8 February 2012

In the lightening objective of aeronautic structures, two new families of martensitic steels appeared since about twenty years. The first family, hardened by the formation of M2C carbides during the tempering, contains a high cobalt content which is a very expensive element. The second family appeared afterward with a double precipitation of carbides and intermetallics, what allowed to strongly decrease the cobalt content.
The characterization of the precipitation formed during the heat treatment was carried out using complementary techniques such as transmission electronic microscopy, X-rays diffraction, small angle neutron scattering and atom probe. These techniques allowed to have access to relevant parameters of microstructure, which are crystallographic structures, distribution size, chemistry and volume fraction of precipitates. Steels studied do not present precipitation of iron carbides M3C type as it is the case on other martensitic steels. Aluminium and intermetallics precipitation allows to maintain a high dislocations density and to reduce the cobalt content which have the same effect.
In order to systematize the studies on the understanding of precipitation mechanisms, it is necessary to use modelling tools, thus to know the sequence of precipitation. Kinetics simulations were carried out using Matcalc software developed at the University of Vienna (Austria). A new calculation method, taking into account the chemical composition of critical nuclei, was developed and allowed to simulate with a good accuracy the evolution of the intermetallics precipitation during the tempering. A new phase was also created in thermodynamic database to take into account the carbon segregation on dislocations.

Keywords: martensitic steels, heat treatment, precipitation, carbide, intermetallic, thermokynetic, thermodynamic, Matcalc

Last modified: 04/27/2012 10:19 PM